關於分詞的獨立主格結搆

在通常情況下，分詞作狀語時它的邏輯主語應與句子主語一致，若不一致，則應改用其他句型。如：

誤：Crossing the road, a car knocked him down.

正：Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 過馬路時他被車撞倒了。關於分詞的獨立主格結搆

正：When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他過馬路時車子把他撞倒了。

解決狀語分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致的問題，也可在分詞前加一個名詞或代詞，使之成爲分詞的邏輯主語。由於加在分詞前的名詞或代詞要用主格形式，故稱分詞的獨立主格結搆。如：

The job finished, we went home. 工作結束後我們就廻家了。

The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天氣很好，我們就去遊泳了。

He being absent, nothing couldn't be done. 由於他缺蓆，什麽事也乾不成。